Author: Tally Academy
Enabling option of single E-way Bill for multiple vehicles
With Delhi going live with the e-way bill on 16th June, the entire country has now moved into the era of the e-way bill, both at inter-State as well as intra-State levels. With no major glitches having been reported across the country, the implementation can be called a success, with lakhs of businesses using the e-way bill portal to generate e-way bills day in and day out.
In the meanwhile, the government and the GST Council have been working to simplify the e-way bill experience for businesses. One of the problems that came to its notice was that there was no provision for a single e-way bill for multiple vehicles. Such a scenario is true especially in two cases:
- The original consignment is a huge one and is transported initially from the origin to the point of trans-shipment via rail or via a big vehicle. But for transporting from the point of trans-shipment to the destination, a similar sized vehicle is not available
- The original consignment is reasonably sized, but the destination is in a hilly area where a big vehicle, although present, cannot be used for delivery of that consignment
In both these cases, the consignment is being split into parts during the second leg of the trans-shipment and then transported to the destination across multiple smaller vehicles. This meant that businesses needed to generate multiple e-way bills for the same consignment, one for each vehicle that was being used for the shipment, which meant loss of time and energy.
In order to solve this problem, the portal has now provided a multi-vehicle option in the e-way bill, i.e. you can now have a single e-way bill for multiple consignments, being transported across multiple vehicles.
Let us understand how you can generate the same on the e-way bill portal.
How to generate a single e-way bill for multiple vehicles?
The following are the steps to be followed:
- Generate the e-way bill with source and destination as per the document or the invoice
- Complete the movement of the consignment from the origin to the point of trans-shipment
- Navigate to the e-way bill portal, select the ‘Change to Multi-vehicle’ option, and update the particular e-way bill for multiple movement, wherein, you specify the total quantity of the consignment and also, the starting point and ending point of the route, where you have the requirement of single e-way bill for multiple vehicles
- Update ‘Part-B’ of the e-way bill, with the vehicle number, quantity loaded etc., once the consignment has been split, and loaded on to the smaller vehicles
- Initiate movement of the consignments
Let us see, how do we execute the steps to enable the provisions of single e-way bill for multiple consignments via multiple vehicles, on the e-way bill portal.
Enabling multi-vehicle option for an e-way bill
As discussed above, the first step is to select the ‘Change to Multi-vehicle’ option from the main menu of the e-way bill portal. On doing so, a screen will open where you need to punch in the e-way bill number, for which you want to enable the multiple vehicle option under e-way bill.
- Enter E-way Bill No – Punch in the e-way bill number here, for which you want to enable the option of single e-way bill for multiple vehicles. On doing so, the EWB details will show up
- Do you wish to move the goods in Multiple vehicles – Set as Yes. This will open up some fields under the Multiple Vehicle Movement Details section
- Mode of Transport – Select Road / Rail / Air / Ship
- From Place* – Specify the origin
- To Place* – Specify the destination
- Total Quantity* – Specify the total quantity of the original consignment
- Unit* – Specify the unit of measurement for the quantity specified
- Reason* – Specify the reason to go for multi-vehicle option
- Remarks* – Any additional remarks
Following these steps will complete the generation of e-way bill for multiple conveyance via multi-vehicle for the specified e-way bill.
Updating multiple vehicle details
Once the option is enabled, you will need to update the e-way bill when multiple vehicle details, whenever any part of the consignment is ready to be moved. Once the first part of the consignment has been loaded onto the first vehicle, and ready to be moved, you can revisit the e-way bill portal and select the ‘Update Vehicle’ option, and feed in the e-way bill number. On doing so, a ‘Multiple Vehicle Updations’ screen will be opened.
If you notice, the groups that are available for selection are in the format “From Place – To Place, Quantity Unitâ€, as per what you have specified for that e-way bill previously. In the example shown above, some goods whose total quantity is 1000 Tons is being transported from one place to another.
Once you select the group, Part-B of the e-way bill will open up for you to feed in the vehicle details:
- Mode of Transport – Select Road / Rail / Air / Ship
- Vehicle No* – Specify the vehicle number in the correct format
- Place of Change* – Specify the place
- Reason* – Specify the reason for change of vehicle
- Transporter Doc. No. & Date – Specify the document no. if any and date of such a document
- Quantity in Vehicle* – Quantity being transported in this part of the consignment. In the example above, the first part of the consignment, transported by the first vehicle is carrying 200 Tons, which means there is still 800 Tons to be accounted for.
This will be repeated multiple times, till all the parts of the consignment have been dispatched across multiple vehicles, resulting in a single e-way bill for multiple consignments.
The print of such an e-way bill will look as follows:
Part A of multi-vehicle e-way bill
Please note that the field ‘Valid Until’, contains the phrase ‘Multi Vehicle’, indicating that this is a multi-vehicle e-way bill.
Part B of multi-vehicle e-way bill
The details of all the vehicles involved in this consignment will be mentioned here, along with details of origin, destination and quantity being carried.
One Year of GST: the Workings of the Technology-First Tax System
I am writing as one of the people who have been in the ‘middle’ of this enormous tax reform – since we provide software solutions to businesses who need to comply with GST. This has given us a view on both sides of the bridge – the Government/GSTN side, and the Business/Practitioner side. The first who needs compliance, and the second, who need to comply.
 Getting a country which is the size of India to do a complete transformation has been extraordinary in itself. Despite all criticism – including mine – on how it could have been better, it remains something that everyone should pat themselves and each other on the back for.
Personally, the most important take-away was the continued expression of good intent by the Government to learn and correct. And not just expression of intent, it was also executive action. Whether it was responding to pains by changing/removing rules and processes, or changing tax rates, or even specific clauses of law – they have stood by the resolve to ‘make it happen’.
Yet, the original promise of GST is expected to come alive only in the months ahead – and their remains a growing urgency for actualizing the latest decisions on this subject taken in the first few months of this year. This relates to the ‘simplification of GST’, and its cascading impact on both rules and law, so that compliance becomes easier, and evasion, more difficult.
The past year has shown that a semi-complete technical process (GSTR-1 but no GSTR-2 – for example), creates not just problems for the Government, but also the taxpayer – since there is no simple way to complete compliance. It leads to confusions of information, conflicts of information, and increases suspicion and mistrust. It penalizes the honest and rewards the dishonest.
The past year has also shown, that being a technology-first tax system, it is far easier to detect the anomalies early rather than late, and therefore, is a strong pointer to the benefits of ‘simplification with completeness’. All the decisions have been taken for what can be called GST 2.0. What we await is the announcements for its actualization. What we await, is the realization of the core promises of GST. What we await, is the economic acceleration that it is capable of.
Bharat Goenka
Managing Director, Tally Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Managing Director, Tally Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Recent AAR Rulings – Food, Beverages & Catering Services
AAR Rulings – Canteen Services provided by outside vendors in offices and factories
Rashmi Hospitality Services, based out of Gujarat had filed an application, seeking an advance ruling on whether, the GST rate on supplies made to non-air conditioned canteens of offices and factories, needed to be taxed at 12% GST or 18% GST. In response to this application, the Gujarat bench of the Authority of Advance Rulings stated, that the catering service provided by Rashmi Hospitality Services to recipients who have in-house canteens, where meals, snacks, tea etc., are ultimately consumed by employees or workers, and thus, do not alter the nature of service provided. Thus, the GST rate for such a service will be considered as 18%.
Thus it was a given, that such a move would imply a higher compliance burden for companies, which would translated into higher cost for food. Thus most companies would, understandably, tend to recover the food expenses from employees. To attain further clarity on the same, Caltech Polymers, based out of Kerala had filed an application, seeking an advance ruling on whether, the recovery of food expenses from employees or canteen services would come under the definition of outward supplies, and whether it will attract GST or not.
In response to this application, the AAR Kerala bench stated, that recovery of food expenses from the employees, for the canteen services provided by the company, would indeed come under the definition of “outward supplyâ€, and therefore be considered taxable as a supply of service under GST. However, the authority of advance ruling Kerala, did not clarified, whether the GST rate to be levied was 5% (without ITC), or 18%, treating the same as an outdoor catering service. Irrespective of the rate, such a move is bound to push up the cost of food for employees and factory workers, and also could lead to possible disputes on valuation, which will then need to get solved.
AAR Rulings – Canteen Services provided by outside vendors in educational institutions
Similar to the above scenario, quite a few applications were filed, asking for an advance ruling on the GST rate to be levied on services provided by canteens in educational institutions. In response to the same, the AAR as well as the Ministry of Finance clarified, that food and drinks, served in a mess or a canteen of an educational institution would attract 5% GST, without ITC. However, if schools (only up to higher secondary level) supplied food directly to students, then the same will be exempt from GST.
AAR Rulings – Supply of food and beverages in trains
Deepak & Co, based out of Delhi had filed an application, asking for an advance ruling on the GST rate to be levied on the supply of food and beverages in trains. Deepak & Co, had entered an agreement with the Indian Railways for the supply of food and beverages, packaged, cooked or at MRP, on mail and express trains, and thus needed immediate clarity on the same. The application had come in the aftermath of a circular from the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) in January 2018, which had announced a lower GST rate of 5% for foods and drinks served on trains, platforms or stations by Indian Railways or IRCTC. However, there were a faction of businesses who felt that serving food and drinks on train, was to be treated equivalent to outdoor catering, the rate for which was specified already at 18% GST.
In response to this application, the AAR Delhi bench clarified, that the train is after all, a medium of transport, and thus could not be treated equivalent of a restaurant, eating joint or canteen. Thus, the supply of food and beverages directly to passengers at a fixed rate on platforms or trains, did not have any element of services, and therefore, GST should ideally be charged on the individual items as per their respective applicable rates. The authority of advance ruling Delhi also noted that the mere heating and cooling of beverages were incidental and not eligible for any tax benefit. Thus, in a final AAR ruling, it was stated, that supply of food and beverages in trains will face GST as per the respective items being served and not at the concessional rate of 5% specified by the government earlier.
Intra State E-way Bill : Things to watch out for
It has been almost two months since the inter state e-way bill for movement of goods was rolled out across the nation on the 1st of April, 2018. In parallel, it was decided that intra state e-way bill too shall be rolled out in a phased manner from April 15th, once the system had sufficiently stabilised, with roughly four to five states coming on board every week. Karnataka was the first to join the bandwagon, as it adopted the intra-state e-way bill system from 1st April itself. As of now, a total of 22 states have now gone live – Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Telengana, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Puducherry, Assam, Rajasthan – with Lakshwadeep and Chandigarh being the latest entrants, adopting the intrastate EWB on May 25th.
If official records are to be considered, the entire implementation of the system and the generation of inter-state e-way bills nationwide has been largely successful. Till the 13th of May, i.e. in a period of almost 45 days, more than 4.15 crore e-way bills have been successfully generated, which included more than 1 crore intra state e-way bills for movement of goods. The path thus looks smooth for rest of India to become part of the system as well – Maharashtra is looking to take the leap for intra-state e-way bill on May 31st and Punjab and Goa from June 1st. In any case, both interstate EWB as well as intra state e-way bills for movement of goods will become mandatory from June 3rd, 2018 – which implies that businesses across the country will need to factor in the same, while planning for their respective consignments.
Here’s listing 7 things you can keep in mind, as you prepare your business for the intra state e-way bill:
- You can generate the intra state e-way bill using your GSTIN by logging on to http://ewaybillgst.gov.in. The e-way bill registration process can be completed in a matter of minutes
- E-way bill generation will be done when the value of the taxable consignment, along with the tax value, is more than INR 50000
- If you have sent material for Job Work then either you or the Job Worker can generate the e-way bill
- As a supplier, you can authorize the transporter, e-commerce operator or the courier agency to fill Part A of the e-way bill
- If the distance between your primary place of business and that of the transporter is less than 50 KMs, only Part A of the e-way bill is required to be filled, and Part B is not required to be filled
- Once the e-way bill is generated, the recipient of goods can confirm or deny the receipt of goods before the actual delivery or 72 hours, whichever is earlier
- In cases where the goods are being transported by railways, aeroplane or ship, the e-way bill can only be generated by the supplier or a recipient, and not by the transporter. However, in such cases, an e-way bill can be generated even after the goods shipment has started
It can be safely said that with businesses adhering to these intra state e-way bill guidelines, and with the tax authorities working in tandem to ensure the right compliances for the inter state e-way bill, the nation-wide single e-way bill will soon be a successful reality. Coupled with the obvious advantages of robust technology that businesses will look to use, this will surely ensure seamless commerce across state borders, something which is bound to give both businesses as well as the government authorities a lot of relief in the time to come.
Prosecution and Compounding under GST
Prosecution under GST
Prosecution, is defined as the act of conducting legal proceedings against someone, in respect of a criminal charge. Under GST, any taxable person who commits an offence amounting to deliberate intention of fraud, becomes liable for prosecution, or in other words, criminal charges.
Offenses liable to attract Prosecution under GST
The following are the offences, for which a taxable person can become liable for prosecution under GST:
- Supply of any goods and / or services without an invoice, in order to evade taxes
- Issue of any invoice without the supply of any goods and / or services, thus taking ITC or refund by fraud
- Collection of GST (even if it is done against the provisions), but failure to submit the same to the government, within the specified time limit of 3 months
- Obtaining of refund of CGST / SGST by fraud
- Submission of fake records or documents or filing of fake returns to evade taxes
- Obstruction of the proper officer during his duty, for instance, while conducting audit
- Acquisition or receipt of any goods and / or services with full knowledge that it is in violation of the GST rules, and is liable for confiscation
- Destruction of evidence
- Not providing information or providing false information during proceedings
- Helping any taxable person to commit fraud
Punishment for Prosecutable Offences
As per the provisions of prosecution in GST, the taxable person committing any of the above listed offences i.e. prosecutable offences shall be punished as follows:
| Amount of Tax Involved in Offence | Bail Applicability | Term of Jail |
| INR 100 to 200 Lakhs | Bail-able | Up to 1 year |
| INR 200 to 500 Lakhs | Bail-able | Up to 3 years |
| Above INR 500 Lakhs | Bail-able* | Up to 5 years |
*Note: However, if a taxable person commits the following offences and the amount of tax involved in the offence exceeds INR 500 Lakhs, then the offences will be deemed as non-bail-able:
- Supply of any goods and / or services without an invoice, in order to evade taxes
- Issue of any invoice without the supply of any goods and / or services, thus taking ITC or refund by fraud
- Collection of GST (even if it is done against the provisions), but failure to submit the same to the government, within the specified time limit of 3 months
Other specified punishments for Prosecutable Offences
- For obstruction of the proper officer during his duty, destruction of evidence, falsifying information during proceedings & helping another taxable person to commit fraud – Up to 6 months imprisonment with fine
- Repeat Offences – Up to 5 years imprisonment with fine
Compounding under GST
Compounding of offences under GST is a method, wherein litigation time, and time of judicial procedures can be cut down. Generally, in the case of prosecution for an offence in a criminal court, the accused has to appear before the Magistrate at every hearing by using the services of an advocate. Given, that court proceedings are both expensive and time-consuming, the accused taxable person may make use of the compounding provisions under GST, wherein, he will not be required to appear in Court personally. Also, under the same provisions, he may be discharged on the payment of a compounding fee, which will not be more than the maximum fine which can be levied under the relevant provisions of prosecution and compounding under GST.
However, compounding under GST will not be available to the following entities:
- Any taxable person who has already committed any of the offences mentioned under prosecution, detailed above i.e. repeat offenders
- Any taxable person who has committed an offence involving supplies above INR 1 Crore and has been allowed to compound before
- Any taxable person who is also being tried under other acts such as Narcotic Drugs Act, FEMA etc.
- Any taxable person convicted by a court under GST
- Any taxable person guilty of destruction of evidence, falsifying information during proceedings or preventing an officer from doing his duty
Amount Payable for Compounding under GST
Compounding in GST will be allowed only after the full payment of all taxes, interests and penalties which are due. As per the provisions of prosecution and compounding under GST, the amount payable for compounding under GST is defined as follows:
- Minimum Limit – 50% of the tax or INR 10,000 whichever is less
- Maximum Limit – 150% of the tax or INR 30,000 whichever is more
On payment of the compounding amount, no further proceedings shall be initiated against the accused taxable person for the same offence and all criminal proceedings, if already initiated, will be abated immediately. In conclusion, to avoid any kind of loss, businesses should be aware of the functioning of prosecution and compounding under GST.
Offence under GST
Offence under GST
An offence is defined as a breach of a law or rule, i.e. an illegal act. Similarly an offence under GST is a breach of the provisions of the GST Act. There are 21 offences under GST, which we have classified under the following sections, for your easy reference:
Fake or Incorrect Invoices / Bills
A taxable person indulges in the following GST offences:
- Supplies any goods / services without any invoice or issues a false invoice
- Issues any invoice or bill without supply of goods and / or services in violation of the provisions of GST
- Issues invoices using the identification number i.e. GSTIN of another bona-fide taxable person
Fraud
A taxable person indulges in the following offence under GST:
- Submits false information while registering under GST
- Submits fake financial records or documents or files fake returns to evade taxes
- Does not provide information or provides false information during proceedings
Tax Evasion
A taxable person indulges in the following offences under GST:
- Collects GST, but does not submit it to the government within 3 months
- Collects GST by breaking the provisions, but fails to deposit it to the government within 3 months, which will still be treated as an offence under GST
- Obtains refund of any CGST / SGST by fraud
- Takes and / or utilizes ITC without actual receipt of goods and / or services
- Deliberately suppresses his sales to evade taxes
Supply or Transport of Goods
A taxable person indulges in the following offences in GST:
- Transports goods without proper documents
- Supplies or transports goods, which he knows will be confiscated
- Destroys or tampers goods which have been seized
Other offences under GST
A taxable person:
- Has not registered under GST although he is required to register under the law
- Does not deduct TDS or deducts less amount than what is applicable
- Does not collect TCS or collects less amount than what is applicable
- Takes or distributes input tax credit in violation of the rules, being an Input Service Distributor
- Obstructs the proper officer during his duty, for instance, during audit
- Does not maintain all the books that he is required to maintain under the law
- Destroys any kind of evidence
For all the 21 offences in GST listed above, penalty will be a minimum of INR 10,000, with variations in place, depending of the nature of the offence under GST.
Arrest under GST
Arrest under GST
The term ‘Arrest’ has not been defined in the CGST / SGST Act. However, as per the law, it basically implies the taking into custody of a person under some lawful command or authority. In other words, a person is said to be arrested when he is taken and restrained of his liberty by power or colour of lawful warrant.
If the Commissioner of CGST / SGST believes that a person has committed an offence, he can be arrested by any authorised CGST / SGST officer. The arrested person will be informed about the grounds of his GST arrest motion, and he will appear before the magistrate within a period of 24 hours, in case the offence is of a cognizable nature.
As per the arrest provisions under GST, the following officers have been empowered and are required to assist the CGST / SGST officers in the execution of an arrest under GST:
- Police
- Railways
- Customs
- Officers of State / UT / Central Government engaged in collection of GST
- Officers of State / UT / Central Government engaged in collection of land revenue
- All village officers
- Any other class of officers as may be notified by the Central/State Government
Note: Here, it is important to note the difference between a cognizable and a non-cognizable offense. Cognizable offenses are those where the police can arrest a person without any arrest warrant, i.e. the offense is clear enough. Examples could be murder, robbery, counterfeiting etc. Non-cognizable offenses are those, where a police officer cannot arrest a person without a warrant issued by a competent authority. They are relatively less serious crimes like public nuisance, assault etc.
Offenses which warrant Arrest under GST
The following are the offenses, for which the arrest provisions under GST become applicable:
- When a taxable person supplies any goods or services without any invoice or issues a false invoice
- When a taxable person issues any invoice or bill without supply of goods / services in violation of the provisions of GST
- When a taxable person collects GST, but does not submit it to the government within 3 months
- When a taxable person has already been convicted earlier under the same provisions i.e. this is his 2nd offense
To sum up the offences which warrant arrests, broadly it may be said, that if tax evasion is more than INR 100 lakhs i.e. INR 1 Crore, or when a person has committed his 2nd offense (i.e. first arrest under GST has occured already), an arrest will be made.
Procedures related to Arrest under GST – Points to Note
The following are certain key procedures that you should note with regards to arrest provisions in GST:
- Cognizance of Offense – A court cannot take cognizance of any offense punishable without the prior permission of the designated authority. Only a Magistrate of the First Class (and above) can conduct the trial for such an offense.
- Availability of Bail – Bail is available only for non-cognizable and specified bail-able offenses.
- Summons – A proper officer can summon any person to provide evidence or to produce a document. Any person summoned, has to either attend the summon himself, or send an authorized representative. Both entities will appear under oath.
Taking a holistic view of inspection, search, seizure and arrest under GST, it can be concluded that the government as well as the GST body have well defined arrest provisions in GST, to restrict tax evasion activities across the nation. Given the stringent nature of these offenses, which attract sizeable penalty, taxpayers would hopefully be discouraged from engaging in any illegal business practices.
Seizure under GST
Seizure under GST
The term “Seizure†has not been specifically defined under GST. In legal terms, seizure under GST implies the act of taking over something or someone by force through a legal process, such as, the seizure of evidence found at the scene of a crime. It generally means – taking possession forcibly against the wishes of the owner.
Difference between Detention and Seizure under GST
In this context, most taxable persons may be confused about the difference between detention and seizure under GST. Detention is basically the act of not allowing the owner any access to the seized goods under GST, by means of a legal order or notice. In case of a detention, the ownership and possession of goods still lie with the owner, and it is issued, only when it is suspected that the goods are liable for confiscation.
However, seizure is actually taking over or possessing the goods by the department, although the ownership stays with the owner. A seizure under GST can be made only after inquiry or investigation that the goods are liable to confiscation.
Procedure for Seizure under GST
The following are the provisions pertaining to seizure of goods under GST:
- The proper officer will give an order of seizure of goods under GST in Form GST INS-02
- The officer authorized to search will have the power to seal the door of the premises. He can also break open the door of any premises, in case access is denied. He can also break open any cupboard or box in which goods, books, documents etc. are suspected to be concealed
- However, if it is not practical to seize the goods, the proper officer will order the owner not to remove these goods without the prior permission of the officer. The officer will issue an order of prohibition in Form GST INS-03
- The officer will keep the books and documents as long as it is necessary for examination and inquiry
- Other books which are not relevant to the issue of notice will be returned within 30 days from the date of the notice
- The seized goods under GST can be released on a provisional basis against a bond, for the value of the goods in Form GST INS-04. The owner must also furnish a security in the form of a bank guarantee for the amount due i.e. the applicable tax, interest and penalty payable
- If the owner fails to produce the provisionally released goods at the appointed date and place, then the security will be encashed and adjusted against the amount due
- Provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure will apply to search and seizure of goods in GST
Post-Seizure Procedures
- Goods – Post the seizure in GST, all the goods which have been taken into custody will be properly listed by an officer. The goods will then be divided into hazardous and non-hazardous, and also into perishable and non-perishable. The government can issue a list of hazardous or perishable goods which can be disposed as soon as they are seized. Also, post the seizure in GST, a notice is to be issued by the department. If the notice is not issued within 6 months, from the date of seizure of goods in GST, they will need to be returned. This time limit is extendable by 6 more months.
- Documents – In case the person who is the owner of the documents, wants to make copies, he can do so in presence of the officer.
Post inspection, search and seizure under GST, if the Commissioner believes that a person has committed an offence under the requisite section of the GST Act, the concerned person can be arrested. In our next blog, we will understand the specific provisions laid down for Arrest under GST.
Inspection and Search under GST
Inspection and Search under GST are conducted as per the provisions laid down in the GST law. Let us understand them one by one.
Inspection under GST
A Joint Commissioner (or any officer of a higher rank), may conduct an inspection under GST, only via written authorization, if they have reasons to believe that a taxable person has done any of the following, in order to evade tax:
- Suppressed any transaction of supply
- Suppressed stock in hand
- Claimed input tax credit in excess
- Violated any of the provisions
- Kept goods which have escaped payment of tax
- Kept accounts and / or goods in such a way as to evade tax
Now, if you read the section above, you will come across a phrase “reasons to believeâ€. What do we mean by “reasons to believe†under the GST provisions? As per the GST rules, “reason to believe†means, having knowledge of facts, that would make any reasonable person, knowing the same facts, to reasonably conclude the same thing. As per the Indian Penal Code, a person is said to have “reason to believe†a thing, if he has sufficient cause to believe that thing but not otherwise. This will be something that will be based on examination and evaluation, and not on something which is an opinion. In short, “reasons to believe†will be based on facts rather than interpretation of facts. Also, this should be something, which should not be mentioned in writing at any stage. In fact, as per the GST rules, “reasons to believe†shall not be disclosed to any person or any authority or the Appellate Tribunal.
In any case, once the Joint Commissioner (or any officer of a higher rank) is clear that action has to be taken, he can then authorize any officer via Form GST INS-01 to inspect places of businesses, belonging to the following entities:
- Taxable person
- Transporter
- Owner or Operator of the Warehouse
- Any other place, as deemed fit
Search under GST
On the face of it, “Search†and “Inspection†may sound like the same activity. Hence, before understanding the provisions for Search under GST, it is important to understand the difference between Inspection and Search in GST.
| Search under GST | Inspection under GST |
| Involves an attempt to find something. Search is an action of a government official (a tax officer or a police officer, depending on the case) to go and look through or carefully examine a place, person, object etc. in order to find something concealed or to discover evidence of a crime. The search of a person, or vehicle or premises, can only be done under the proper and valid authority of law. | Is the act of examining something, often closely. Inspection under GST is a softer provision than search. It enables officers to access any place of business of a taxable person and also any place of business of a person engaged in transporting goods or who is an owner or operator of a warehouse or godown. |
On the basis of results emerging from inspection or any other reason, the Joint Commissioner (or any officer of a higher rank) can order for a search, via written authorization, if he has reasons to believe that the following exist:
- Goods which are liable for confiscation
- Documents or Books or other things which will be useful during proceedings and are hidden somewhere
Based on his conclusions, the Joint Commissioner (or any officer of a higher rank) can, either on his own or through an authorized officer, follow the provisions of inspection and search under GST and seize the goods and documents. However care should be taken to record materials and relevant information, before the issue of the search warrant or before conducting the search.